feedback
n. a process in which the factors that produce a result are themselves modified, corrected, strengthened, etc. by that result 反馈
cybernetic
a. of, relating to, or involving cybernetics (控制论)
optimal
a. most favorable; best
optimum
n., a.
postulate
vt. assume without proof as a basis of reasoning; take for granted
notion
n. an idea, belief or opinion in one's mind; concept
fume
vi. give off vapor, gas or smoke; show anger or irritation
faction
n. a group or party within a large group 派别
evolve
v. develop gradually by a long continuous process 演化
decry
vt. express strong disapproval; cry out against
heresy
n. a belief different from the accepted belief of a church, school, profession or other group 异教;异端
sociobiologist
n. one who studies the biological basis for animal and human social behavior
antisociobiologist
n.
behold
vt. have in sight; see
astonishment
n. great surprise; amazement
astonish
vt.
imaginative
a. having or showing a strong imagination
govern
vt. direct or manage; rule; control
phrases & expressions
move ahead
go forward
plug away
work persistently
at close quarters
very near or near together
out of fashion
not popular or approved of
explain away
give a satisfactory reason for; remove objection to by means of a convincing argument
at the outset
at the beginning
on the part of
of or by (sb.)
have it (that)
maintain, assert (that)
think over
think carefully about; consider; study
capitalize on
profit by; make full use of (sth.)
in possession of
having; owing
stir up
excite; stimulate; provoke
catch on
become popular or fashionable
proper names
lewis thomas
刘易斯.托马斯
darwin
达尔文
walace
华莱士
grasse
格拉斯
lovelock
洛夫洛克
margulis
马古利斯
gaia
盖亚
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