will sweep the try with passioiagement of a modern ey. what we labels and clich閟, but more basic dis of the sophistid teical questions involved in keepi eaery moving ahead.
肯尼迪:真正厉害攸关的并不是满怀激情地席卷全国的敌对意识形态之间的某种重大斗争,而是对现代经济的实际管理。我们需要的不是标签,而是对使一个伟大经济不断前进所涉及到的复杂技术问题的基本讨论。
narrator: kennedy's ic advisors had drafted his speeg keynesian lines.
旁白:肯尼迪的经济顾问班子根据凯恩斯的理论起草了他的讲话。
robert solow, professor emeritus, massachusetts ieology: we thought it was a great day when keo give that speech at yale and to talk about eic policy. that speech suggested that we had won over kennedy. we had wo and mind of the president.
robert solow,麻省理工的荣誉退休教授:我们认为肯尼迪决定在耶鲁发表演讲谈论经济政策的那一天是伟大的一天。那次演讲暗示我们已经赢得了肯尼迪,我们赢得了这位总统的心。
narrator: for what came to be knowy glorious years,” keynesian eics had beehe goods. europe, japan, and america all saw high eic gr standards of living. people enjoyed a prosperity uhe end of the war.
旁白:对于著名的“光辉的三十年”来说,凯恩斯经济学贡献很大。欧洲、日本和美国都实现了经济的高速增长和生活水平的提高。人们享受着在战争结束时做梦也梦想不到的繁荣。
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chapter 12: the specter of stagflation [6:34]
第十二章:滞胀幽灵
ole: austria, 1970
字幕标题:奥地利,1970年
narrator: when hayek moved back to his ria, he ressed. the suixed eade his free-market theories, and hayek himself, seem more irrelevant than ever.
旁白:哈耶克回到他的祖国奥地利的时候,他非常沮丧。混合经济的成功使他的自由市场理论,以及他自己,看起来比以往更加落后于潮流。
laurence hayek, hayek's son: the world was very much a socialist world. his ideas were not fashionable. o listen to him. o agree with him. he was alone.
laurence hayek,哈耶克的儿子:世界是社会主义者的世界。他的观点不时髦了。似乎没人听他的,似乎也没人同意他的观点。他是孤独的。
narrator: hayek found his ideas shuhe academic world.
旁白:哈耶克发现学术界在故意回避他的观点。
friedri hayek (interviewed in 1978): most of the departmeo dislike me, so much so that i feel it to the present day, [as very largely te me as an outsider.
哈耶克(1978年的采访):很多部门嫌恶我;他们如此不喜欢我以至于直到今天我仍能感觉到那种厌恶。经济学家们则往往在很大程度上把我视为局外人。
narrator: he was living in a provin and stu a rut. but the outside world was beginning to ge. skimming the neer in his usual restaurant, hayek read how inflatio were risiime. there ord to describe it: ”stagflation.”
旁白:他在一个地方城镇中生活,固守成规。但是外面的世界正开始发生变化。哈耶克在他常去的饭馆里浏览报纸时看到通货膨胀和失业同时上升。有一个新词用来形容这种情况,那就是“滞胀”。
ole: usa, 1971
字幕标题:usa,1971年
narratlorirowth, the ameriy was in trouble.
旁白:经过三十年的高速增长,美国经济陷入了困境。
gee shultz: the ey basically was kind of going nowhere and had inflation, whi't seem to get cured -- kind of a malaise in the ey.
gee shultz:经济基本上无路可走,还有通货膨胀,这看起来是难以克服的-经济出了些问题。
miltoagflation was the end of naive keynesianism. you had two thiime, whider the keynesian view would have been impossible. you had stagnation in the ey, high level of u. you had inflation, with prig rapidly.
弗里德曼:滞胀是天真的凯恩斯主义的终结。两件事同时发生,而这在凯恩斯主义者看来是不能的。经济中出现滞胀-高失业率和通货膨胀同时存在。
narrator: president nixon looked like a ist's dream e true. milton friedman ecial advisee shultz was ihe budget.
旁白:尼克松总统好像要使芝加哥学派经济学家的梦想成真。milton friedman是专门顾问,gee shultz则负责预算问题。
gee shultz: so i think going baent about the ridex a moment ago, ohe areas where prices were going up very rapidly was lumber aerials associated with home-building.
gee shultz:因此我想要回到你稍早之前对 批发价格指数的评论上来。价格迅速上升的领域之一是木材和其他与家庭盖房有关的材料。
narrator: but the president wasn't listeo spend his way out of trouble. to add insult to injury, he deow i am a keynesian.”
旁白:但是总统没有听他们的意见。他设法用自己的方式来摆脱困境。更令他们觉得侮辱的是,总统宣称:“现在我是凯恩斯主义者。”
dahis de by nixon horrified his servative supporters. indeed, one ao him and said, ”mr. president, i'm goio burn all of my old speeixon wrote bad said, ”i will, too.”
丹尼尔.尤金:尼克松如此宣称令他的保守派支持者觉得震惊。事实上,一位国会议员给他写信说:“总统先生,我将不得不收回我以前所有的讲话。”而尼克松回信到:“我也是。”
narrator: nixon decided he hadn't gh, so he took his top eic advisors off to camp david f weekeein, the quiz-show host, was a juer ie house, and his father was at the meeting.
旁白:尼克松认为自己走得还不够远,于是他在一个周末带上自己的顶级经济顾问们到戴维营开会。ben stein是白宫的高级演讲稿撰写人,他的父亲也参
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