ed by this easy moed by this easy profit.
anand panyara,泰国总理,1991 – 1993:那时人们购买公寓和豪华公寓就象在赌博。而且他们也被这种轻易得来的金钱和利益所驱使。
narrat the '90s, thailas capital markets. for the first time, loesses n banks which offered lower ies.
旁白:在九十年代,泰国开放了它的资本市场。当地的企业第一次可以向利息比较低的外国银行贷款了。
anand panyara: people would e and kno your door ah you to borrow, be they european or japahe western financial world, the banks or the finanpahey d begged us to borrow from them.
anand panyara:人们会来敲你的门,恳请你借钱,无论是欧洲银行还是日本银行。西方金融界,银行或是金融机构,他们来乞求我们向他们借钱。
narrator: in just four years, loans to thai busiripled to over $200 billion. amerid europeas ehe inflow of money.
旁白:只用了四年,对泰国的企业的贷款就增长了两倍,达到两千亿美元。美国和欧洲国家的政府鼓励这种资本的输入。
robert rubin: oh, yeah. we were very strong advocates of opening up capital markets ahat could flow there from, but we were als advocates at the same time, because we reized the tie of developing the bankihe capital markets, and develulatory systems, none of which is easy.
罗伯特.鲁宾:噢,是的。我们当时是非常提倡开放资本市场及宣传由此可以带来的好处的。但是,同时我们也强调发展银行体系,资本市场与发展调控体系的联系。我们意识到这一切都不容易。
daniel yergin: and there was an underlying flaw ihat people really didn't focus very mu, which was the institutio that meant is the banking systems were not well developed; securities laell developed. they had h the development of these eies aegration into the world ey.
daniel yergin:而且,当时在体系的内部有一个没有被人们充分关注的内在的问题,即体制上的弱点。这意味着银行体系并没有得到很好的发展;安全法没有得到很好的发展。它们没能与这些经济的发展保持同步,也没能与世界经济接轨。
narrator: thailand's tral bas cy artificially high, fueliive bubble.
旁白:泰国的中央银行人为地将它的货币币值保持在高水平,助长了投机的泡沫。
the iioary fund, which acts as a bank of last resort to tries in financial trouble, began to worry that thailand was heading for a fall.
国际货币基金组织,作为那些遇到金融危机国家的最后的救命稻草,开始担心泰国正在走向衰落。
stanley fischer, first deputy managiernatioary fund, 1994-2001: i went to bangkok in may 1997. it was full of es everywhere, and it looked like the boom would hey were very weak banks wh against buildings whiever going to be filled.
stanley fischer,国际货币基金组织第一副总干事,1994-2001:我于1997年5月去了曼谷。当时到处都是吊车,看上去就是感觉这种高速发展永远都不会结束。但是有很多弱小的银行将资金贷给那些以永远都不会建起来的楼房作抵押的项目。
narrat thong thani was a sigimes -- a ”y” built from scratch for 700,000 people. it was meahan boston. but almost no one was moving in.
旁白:muang thong thani 是那个时代的一个标志 —— 一座为70万人口拔地建起的“新城”。它本来是要建成比波士顿还要大的城市。但是几乎没有人搬进去。
mark mobius: the visiohe vision was to take this huge trad and build a city, basically. betweeowed bangkok a. so the cept was ext. the problem was it was financed by
mark mobius:那个愿景是美妙的。那个愿景基本上就是在这一片巨大的土地上建造一座城市。问题出在它是用美元资金来支持的。
narrator: thailand's as the baht, egged to the dollar. as the thai ey weakened, financial markets sehis poli't last.
旁白:泰国的货币,铢,是和美元挂钩的。当泰国经济疲软下来后,资本市场就意识到这一政策不会长久了。
stanley fischer: thailand had fixed the value of its terms of dollars. it had a fixed exge rate. and as people began to wohey actually have enough dollars to always be able to give me dollars ihe baht, the thai cy i have?,” ahey begihat, they start asking for the dollars, atack the cy.
stanley fischer:泰国固定了本国货币与美元的比价。它固定了兑换率。人们开始猜想了,“他们真的有足够的美元来随时给我兑换我手里的泰铢吗?”而当他们开始考虑这些事情的时候,他们就开始需求美元了,从而打击了泰国货币。
mark mobius: the tral ba saying no, no, no. and they were shelling out the , and of y hedge fund manager looking at that would say, ”hey, these guys are goirouble, and i'm going to short the thai baht.”
mark mobius:中央银行一直在说不,不,不。他们出售美元以保护本国货币。所以,他们的外汇储备迅速降低,而那些对冲基金经理人看到这种情况就会说:“哈, 这些人要有麻烦了,我可要对泰铢作空。
narrator: the baht der rele pressure. in july 1997, the thai gover was forced to devalue.
旁白:泰铢面临强大的市场压力。1997年7月,泰国政府被迫降低币值。
the bubble had burst. the asian financial crisis was about to begin.
泡沫破灭了。亚洲金融危机即将开始。
sirvat voravetvuthikuhe crisis hit, i realized my fate. i ot sell a si when the crisis hit.
sirvat voravetvuthikun:当危机来临时,我意识到了我的命运。当危机来临的时候,我一套房子也卖不出去了。
my is called the ameri dream home, dream . but we are broke. eves who were multibillio
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